The Clinical Significance of Lncrna GAS5 And Mir-222-3p in Carotid Artery Stenosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf.4739Keywords:
Carotid artery stenosis, lncRNA GAS5, miR-222-3p, diagnosis, prognosis, disease developmentAbstract
Background: Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is the major pathogen of cerebral infarction and brain death. Early detection and risk prediction could help the diagnosis and improve the outcome of patients. The clinical significance of lncRNA GAS5 (GAS5) and miR-222-3p in the diagnosis and prognosis of CAS was evaluated in this study to explore novel effective biomarkers of CAS.
Methods: A total of 72 CAS patients and 63 healthy individuals (control) were enrolled in this study. The expression levels of GAS5 and miR-222-3p in study subjects were detected using PCR. The ROC, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox regression analyses were carried out to estimate the diagnostic and prognostic value of GAS5 and miR-222-3p in CAS. The interaction between GAS5 and miR-222-3p was disclosed by the dual-luciferase reporter.
Results: The reduced expression of GAS5 and elevated expression of miR-222-3p were observed in CAS patients compared with the healthy controls, and a significant correlation between their expression levels in CAS was revealed. GAS5 and miR-222-3p could discriminate CAS patients from the healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity. The GAS5 downregulation and miR-222-3p upregulation could predict the poor prognosis of CAS patients and may be associated with the severe development of patients. In human vascular smooth muscle cells, miR-222-3p could negatively regulate the luciferase activity of GAS5.
Conclusion: Both GAS5 and miR-222-3p served as the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of CAS. The function of GAS5 might result from the regulation of miR-222-3p, which needs further validation.
References
Arasu R, Arasu A, Muller J. 2021. Carotid artery stenosis: An approach to its diagnosis and management. Aust J Gen Pract. Nov 50(11):821-825.
Bohnstedt BN, Dhaemers R, Hsu D. 2013. Symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Semin Neurol. Nov 33(5):456-61.
Chen H, Hong H, Liu D, et al. 2011. Lesion patterns and mechanism of cerebral infarction caused by severe atherosclerotic intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis. J Neurol Sci. Aug 15;307(1-2):79-85.
Cobiella R, Quinones S, Konschake M, et al. 2021. The carotid axis revisited. Sci Rep. Jul 5;11(1):13847.
Dai Z, Xu G. 2017. Restenosis after carotid artery stenting. Vascular. Dec;25(6):576-586.
Dolz S, Gorriz D, Tembl JI, et al. 2017. Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of Stenosis Progression in Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis. Stroke. Jan;48(1):10-16.
Esteller M. 2011. Non-coding RNAs in human disease. Nat Rev Genet. Nov 18;12(12):861-74.
Gaba K, Ringleb PA, Halliday A. 2018. Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: Intervention or Best Medical Therapy? Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. Sep 24;18(11):80.
Huang Y. 2018. The novel regulatory role of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in cardiovascular diseases. J Cell Mol Med. Dec;22(12):5768-5775.
Ijäs P, Nuotio K, Vikatmaa P, Soinne L. 2014. Carotid artery stenosis as predictor of the risk of cerebral and cardiac infarction. Duodecim. 130(21):2193-200.
Jiang S, Fang DA, Xu D. 2020. Transcriptome analysis of Takifugu obscurus liver in response to acute retene exposure. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 55(10):1188-1200.
Khan AA, Patel J, Desikan S, et al. 2021. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is associated with cerebral hypoperfusion. J Vasc Surg. May;73(5):1611-1621 e2.
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al. 2021. Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Jama. Feb 2;325(5):476-481.
Le T, He X, Huang J, Liu S, Bai Y, Wu K. 2021. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA GAS5 reduces vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis by inactivating EZH2-mediated RIG-I signaling pathway in abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Transl Med. Nov 15;19(1):466.
Lee TH. 2021. Management of carotid artery stenosis. Acta Neurol Taiwan. Dec 15;30(4):123-127.
Li J, Wang J, Wang Z. 2021. Circ_0006768 upregulation attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell injuries by upregulating VEZF1 via miR-222-3p inhibition. Metab Brain Dis. Dec;36(8):2521-2534.
Ma H, Dong A. 2021. Dysregulation of lncRNA SNHG1/miR-145 axis affects the biological function of human carotid artery smooth muscle cells as a mechanism of carotid artery restenosis. Exp Ther Med. May;21(5):423.
Matsui M, Corey DR. 2017. Non-coding RNAs as drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. Mar;16(3):167-179.
Mortimer R, Nachiappan S, Howlett DC. 2018. Carotid artery stenosis screening: where are we now? Br J Radiol. Oct;91(1090):20170380.
Netuka D, Belšán T, Broulíková K, et al. 2016. Detection of carotid artery stenosis using histological specimens: a comparison of CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, digital subtraction angiography and Doppler ultrasonography. Acta Neurochir (Wien). Aug;158(8):1505-14.
Paraskevopoulou MD, Hatzigeorgiou AG. 2016. Analyzing MiRNA-LncRNA Interactions. Methods Mol Biol. 1402:271-286.
Reiff T, Ringleb PA. 2021. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - treatment recommendations. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. Jun;146(12):793-800.
Sprynger MG. 2020. How to deal with recurrent carotid artery stenoses? Vasa. Jan;49(1):5.
Xue Y, Wei Z, Ding H, et al. 2015. MicroRNA-19b/221/222 induces endothelial cell dysfunction via suppression of PGC-1α in the progression of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. Aug;241(2):671-81.
Yang L, Zhang X, Liu X. 2021. Long non‑coding RNA GAS5 protects against Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by regulating the microRNA‑222‑3p/TIMP3 axis. Mol Med Rep. May;23(5).
Yang Z, Lin SD, Zhan F, Liu Y, Zhan YW. 2021. LncRNA GAS5 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through regulating miR-222-3p/Sirt1 signalling axis. Autoimmunity. Feb;54(1):13-22.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Author Disclosure & Copyright Transfer Agreement
In order to publish the original work of another person(s), The Heart Surgery Forum® must receive an acknowledgment of the Author Agreement and Copyright Transfer Statement transferring to Forum Multimedia Publishing, L.L.C., a subsidiary of Carden Jennings Publishing Co., Ltd. the exclusive rights to print and distribute the author(s) work in all media forms. Failure to check Copyright Transfer agreement box below will delay publication of the manuscript.
A current form follows:
The author(s) hereby transfer(s), assign(s), or otherwise convey(s) all copyright ownership of the manuscript submitted to Forum Multimedia Publishing, LLC (Publisher). The copyright transfer covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article and the material contained therein throughout the world in all languages and in all media of expression now known or later developed, including but not limited to reprints, photographic reproduction, microfilm, electronic data processing (including programming, storage, and transmission to other electronic data record(s), or any other reproductions of similar nature), and translations.
However, Publisher grants back to the author(s) the following:
- The right to make and distribute copies of all or part of this work for use of the author(s) in teaching;
- The right to use, after publication in The Heart Surgery Forum, all or part of the material from this work in a book by the author(s), or in a collection of work by the author(s);
- The royalty-free right to make copies of this work for internal distribution within the institution/company that employs the author(s) subject to the provisions below for a work-made-for-hire;
- The right to use figures and tables from this work, and up to 250 words of text, for any purpose;
- The right to make oral presentations of material from this work.
Publisher reserves the right to grant or refuse permission to third parties to republish all or part of the article or translations thereof. To republish, such third parties must obtain written permission from the Publisher. (This is in accordance with the Copyright Statute, United States Code, Title 17. Exception: If all authors were bona fide officers or employees of the U.S. Government at the time the paper was prepared, the work is a “work of the US Government” (prepared by an officer or employee of the US Government as part of official duties), and therefore is not subject to US copyright; such exception should be indicated on signature lines. If this work was prepared under US Government contract or grant, the US Government may reproduce, royalty-free, all or portions of this work and may authorize others to do so, for official US Government purposes only, if the US Government contract or grant so requires.
I have participated in the conception and design of this work and in the writing of the manuscript and take public responsibility for it. Neither this manuscript nor one with substantially similar content under my authorship has been published, has been submitted for publication elsewhere, or will be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by The Heart Surgery Forum, except as described in an attachment. I have reviewed this manuscript (original version) and approve its submission. If I am listed above as corresponding author, I will provide all authors with information regarding this manuscript and will obtain their approval before submitting any revision. I attest to the validity, accuracy, and legitimacy of the content of the manuscript and understand that Publisher assumes no responsibility for the validity, accuracy, and legitimacy of its content. I warrant that this manuscript is original with me and that I have full power to make this Agreement. I warrant that it contains no matter that is libelous or otherwise unlawful or that invades individual privacy or infringes any copyright or other proprietary right. I agree to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless of and from any claim made against Publisher that relates to or arises out of the publication of the manuscript and agree that this indemnification shall include payment of all costs and expenses relating to the defense of any such claim, including all reasonable attorney’s fees.
I warrant that I have no financial interest in the drugs, devices, or procedures described in the manuscript (except as disclosed in the attached statement).
I state that the institutional Human Subjects Committee and/or the Ethics Committee approved the clinical protocol reported in this manuscript for the use of experimental techniques, drugs, or devices in human subjects and appropriate informed consent documents were utilized.
Furthermore, I state that any and all animals used for experimental purposes received humane care in USDA registered facilities in compliance with the “Principles of Laboratory Animal Care” formulated by the National Society for Medical Research and the “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” prepared by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources and published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH Publication No. 85-23, revised 1985).